Recognizing the serious risk of democratic backsliding in the United States, the American Political Science Association (APSA) and Protect Democracy partnered to sponsor the APSA Presidential Task Force on Political Parties. The task force’s report, More than Red and Blue: Political Parties and American Democracy, presents what political science says about the functions of political parties, how we came to have the parties we have, and where sources of change exist.

Einaudi Center director Rachel Beatty Riedl served on the task force and wrote Chapter 10: Factions, Moderation, and Democratic Responsibility.